Association of STarT Back Tool and the short form of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire with multidimensional risk factors The SBT and ÖMPSQ-short high-risk groups, in a population sample reporting LBP during the last 12 months, manifested clinically relevant depressive and anxiety symptoms and fear-avoidance beliefs, which are known risk factors for prolonged disability and poor LBP outcome. In addition, several adverse lifestyle factors accumulated in the higher risk groups, especially when using the ÖMPSQ-short. We found differences between the two questionnaires mostly related to lifestyle and social factors. SBT is shorter and faster to use and therefore more applicable for example during appointments with time constraints (such as physicians typically have). ÖMPSQ-short is more multifaceted and may better identify abnormal lifestyle factors. How significant the differences between the two questionnaires are requires further investigation. The SBT and ÖMPSQ-short are suitable tools for detecting individuals with accumulated psychiatric, psychological and lifestyle risk factors for prolonged disability due to LBP among working-age people with LBP. Our results justify exploring whether a similar accumulation of risk factors can be detected using the SBT and ÖMPSQ-short in other population-based samples. In cases of very common, disabling and expensive health problems, the prevention of poor outcomes is the most desirable way to reduce the problem and its consequences. In our study, both questionnaires were able to detect several risk factors of poor LBP outcome and therefore a combination of them could be a good option. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of targeted preventive interventions using the SBT and/or ÖMPSQ-short.
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