Differential Displacement of Soft Tissue Layers From Manual Therapy Loading Surface loading of the torso in combined posteroanterior and caudocephalic directions result in both displacement of tissues anteriorly and in shearing between tissue layers in the plane of the tissues strata to depths that could plausibly affect spinal tissues. Displacements of tissues more likely arise passively, consistent with load transmitted by the retinacula cutis and epimuscular force pathways. Displacements are similar in magnitude to those known to evoke biologically relevant responses in both animal and human studies.
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